{"id":5213,"date":"2026-10-12T18:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T11:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/?post_type=thuat_ngu&amp;p=5198"},"modified":"2026-10-12T18:30:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T11:30:00","slug":"ly-thuyet-nen-tang-grounded-theory","status":"publish","type":"thuat_ngu","link":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/thuat-ngu\/ly-thuyet-nen-tang-grounded-theory\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng (Grounded Theory) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng (Grounded Theory &#8211; GT)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Barney Glaser v\u00e0 Anselm Strauss khai sinh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Thay v\u00ec b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh (di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch), nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Grounded Theory b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u1edf, thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c so s\u00e1nh (Constant Comparative Method). Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m 3 v\u00f2ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a: M\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1edf (Open coding), M\u00e3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ee5c (Axial coding) v\u00e0 M\u00e3 h\u00f3a ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc (Selective coding) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i &#8220;B\u00e3o h\u00f2a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft&#8221; (Theoretical Saturation) \u2014 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi n\u00e0o l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<h2>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: h\u00e0nh vi nghi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb xa h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch, hay c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf lan truy\u1ec1n tin \u0111\u1ed3n trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1ea3o k\u00edn).<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh ho\u1ea1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i th\u00edch nghi t\u00e2m l\u00fd: Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n s\u00e2u 50 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft n\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin t\u00e2m linh \u00c1 \u0110\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn phi th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m cao \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea7n ghi ch\u00e9p nh\u1eadt k\u00fd t\u01b0 duy (Memos) li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh quy n\u1ea1p nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u1edbi b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 &#8216;b\u00e1m r\u1ec5&#8217; tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, thay v\u00ec ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"template":"","nhom_thuat_ngu":[476],"class_list":["post-5213","thuat_ngu","type-thuat_ngu","status-publish","hentry","nhom_thuat_ngu-nghien-cuu-bang-chung"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng (Grounded Theory) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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