{"id":2014,"date":"2026-10-12T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/?post_type=thuat_ngu&p=2014"},"modified":"2026-10-12T08:00:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T01:00:00","slug":"hieu-ung-phan-tac-dung-backfire-effect","status":"publish","type":"thuat_ngu","link":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/thuat-ngu\/hieu-ung-phan-tac-dung-backfire-effect\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng (backfire effect) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng (backfire effect) l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m b\u1edfi Nyhan v\u00e0 Reifler (2010), c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00ednh ch\u00ednh v\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. Chi ti\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i \u0110\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tin sai v\u00ec sao \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3?<\/a>.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc (Identity-protective cognition)<\/h2>\n

Khi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch b\u1edbi l\u00f4ng t\u00ecm v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00ednh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch g\u1ed9p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y (nh\u01b0 Wood & Porter, 2019; Swire-Thompson et al., 2020) ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 t\u1eebng ngh\u0129: ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ni\u1ec1m tin tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan n\u1ebfu l\u1eddi \u0111\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng k\u00edch danh d\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng tin m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m tin sai l\u1ec7ch ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"template":"","nhom_thuat_ngu":[474],"class_list":["post-2014","thuat_ngu","type-thuat_ngu","status-publish","hentry","nhom_thuat_ngu-thong-tin-sai-lech"],"yoast_head":"\nHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng (backfire effect) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? - Dy Khoa Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/thuat-ngu\/hieu-ung-phan-tac-dung-backfire-effect\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng (backfire effect) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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