{"id":997,"date":"2026-10-12T14:01:34","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T07:01:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/?p=997"},"modified":"2026-10-12T14:01:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T07:01:38","slug":"du-lich-cong-dong-cbet-vi-sao-that-bai-khi-rut-von","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/du-lich-cong-dong-cbet-vi-sao-that-bai-khi-rut-von\/","title":{"rendered":"Du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CBET): V\u00ec sao nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i sau khi nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 r\u00fat v\u1ed1n?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Du l\u1ecbch sinh th\u00e1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (Community-Based Ecotourism &#8211; CBET) t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba x\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o cho c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng s\u00e2u v\u00f9ng xa, v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 (NGO) v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u USD v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0m homestay, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f9 v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cay \u0111\u1eafng trong c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u du l\u1ecbch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0: ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh <strong>du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/strong> r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0ng tr\u1ec7, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n quay l\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec1 ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m khi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 r\u00fat \u0111i. \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a: Du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CBET) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>Du l\u1ecbch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (Community-Based Tourism &#8211; CBT\/CBET)<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c du l\u1ecbch m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng du l\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n CBET d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 sau khi h\u1ebft vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>B\u1eaby ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng y\u1ebfu:<\/strong> C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m thay ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t: t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn (OTA) hay qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9:<\/strong> L\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb du l\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4n b\u1ea3n, trong khi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ecbu g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n. Khi m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 n\u1ea3y sinh, tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tan r\u00e3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh li\u00ean k\u1ebft chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau (c\u00f9ng d\u1ec7t th\u1ed5 c\u1ea9m, c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m c\u01a1m lam, c\u00f9ng m\u00faa s\u1ea1p), t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1 l\u1eabn nhau thay v\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m du l\u1ecbch t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Thang b\u1eadc trao quy\u1ec1n Arnstein trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n du l\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Thang b\u1eadc tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (Arnstein&#8217;s Ladder of Citizen Participation):<\/p>\n<table style=\"width:100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 20px;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; text-align: left;\">M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; text-align: left;\">Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; text-align: left;\">Nguy c\u01a1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>1. Thao t\u00fang &amp; H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c (Manipulation \/ Tokenism)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea l\u00e0m t\u1ea1p v\u1ee5, bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 theo k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty l\u1eef h\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">R\u1ea5t cao: Bi\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a r\u1ebb r\u00fang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1edd \u01a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>2. Tham v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (Consultation)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Ban d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean gia<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Cao: Thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft l\u00e2u d\u00e0i khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>3. H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng &amp; L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 (Partnership &amp; Citizen Control)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 quy ch\u1ebf b\u1ea7u c\u1eed d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tour v\u00e0 chia c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Th\u1ea5p: D\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<h3>L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh homestay c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb &#8220;nh\u1eadn t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng&#8221; sang &#8220;t\u01b0 duy doanh nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i&#8221;: x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u1ef9 chung t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0m truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1eef h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00f4i l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Anh Khoa (Dy Khoa), gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Khoa Quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n Lang, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Thu h\u00fat C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (Science Communication and Public Engagement) t\u1ea1i Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 sai s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n g\u00f3p \u00fd, vui l\u00f2ng g\u1eedi email v\u1ec1 hi@dykhoa.com.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Giampiccoli, A., &amp; Mtapuri, O. (2021). From conventional to alternative tourism: Community-based tourism as an empowering alternative. <em>Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, 2<\/em>(1), 100021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annale.2021.100021<\/li>\n<li>Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A ladder of citizen participation. <em>Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35<\/em>(4), 216-224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01944366908977225<\/li>\n<li>UNWTO. (2020). <em>Guidelines for Community-Based Tourism Development<\/em>. World Tourism Organization. https:\/\/www.unwto.org<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Du l\u1ecbch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CBET) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng sau khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":987,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,7],"tags":[509,508,510,358],"class_list":["post-997","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-du-lich","category-nghien-cuu-du-lich","tag-cbet","tag-du-lich-cong-dong","tag-nghien-cuu-du-lich","tag-phat-trien-ben-vung"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CBET): V\u00ec sao d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CBET) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch thang b\u1eadc trao quy\u1ec1n Arnstein v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u homestay b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i sau t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/du-lich-cong-dong-cbet-vi-sao-that-bai-khi-rut-von\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CBET): V\u00ec sao d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CBET) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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