{"id":642,"date":"2026-08-26T23:57:19","date_gmt":"2026-08-26T16:57:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/?p=642"},"modified":"2026-10-13T00:48:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T17:48:37","slug":"thuyet-thay-doi-theory-of-change-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/thuyet-thay-doi-theory-of-change-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i (Theory of Change) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch hay m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng \u1edf vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng: l\u00e0m g\u00ec, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, khi n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i (Theory of Change – ToC) l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00fap tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n: v\u00ec sao ta tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Theo World Bank DIME (Development Impact Evaluation), m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thu\u1ed9c Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olivier Serrat, chuy\u00ean gia t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (ADB), m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n: thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/a> c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn – c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hay d\u1ef1 \u00e1n – \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p qua m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi “n\u1ebfu ta l\u00e0m X, v\u00ec sao ta tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn Y”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh logic (logic model)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t. Theo Serrat, m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh logic (logic model, hay results framework) m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3: n\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trung gian – nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft cho thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 (causal pathways) ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh logic kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00e1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Serrat t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi s\u00e1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec, v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 ra sao, m\u00e0 ta v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mu\u1ed1n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch (\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ta mu\u1ed1n mang l\u1ea1i (k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Khi n\u00e0o l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (khung th\u1eddi gian)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra (bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. V\u00ec sao, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o, ta tin thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00fang (gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh)?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    S\u00e1u b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Theo t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a World Bank DIME d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean trang Theory of Change (t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y), m\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo s\u00e1u b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. L\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (backwards mapping) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra thay \u0111\u1ed5i mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    5. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    6. Vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt (narrative) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch logic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac “\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn thay \u0111\u1ed5i” (pathway of change) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh dung nh\u01b0 sau: n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (inputs) v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (activities) t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ea7u ra (outputs), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 (outcomes), v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (goals).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      V\u00ec sao thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      C\u01a1 quan Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Anh (DFID, nay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a FCDO) \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u01b0 duy thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2010 v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u00e0 so\u00e1t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 (outcomes-based), \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00fap tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c (awareness) c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi hay kh\u00f4ng – thay v\u00ec m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u1ee9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do khung \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (nh\u01b0 AMEC) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1eafn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t “thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i” c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. Serrat l\u01b0u \u00fd thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt (narrative) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch logic, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c quan ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c (strategy)?<\/strong> Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 (logic nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh), trong khi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      M\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00ec?<\/strong> Theo Serrat, m\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a (\u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c), kh\u1ea3 thi (c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y can thi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3), l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (\u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c) v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (\u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u00f4i l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Anh Khoa<\/a> (Dy Khoa), gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Khoa Quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n Lang, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Thu h\u00fat C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (Science Communication and Public Engagement) t\u1ea1i Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 sai s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n g\u00f3p \u00fd, vui l\u00f2ng g\u1eedi email v\u1ec1 hi@dykhoa.com.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o (3 ngu\u1ed3n)<\/summary>\n
        \n
      1. World Bank DIME (Development Impact Evaluation). Theory of Change<\/em>. Dimewiki. https:\/\/dimewiki.worldbank.org\/Theory_of_Change<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. Serrat, O. (2017). Theories of Change<\/em>. In: Knowledge Solutions. Springer, Singapore (Open Access, CC BY-NC-IGO 3.0). https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-981-10-0983-9_24<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. Vogel, I. (2012). Review of the use of ‘Theory of Change’ in international development. Review Report<\/em>. Department for International Development (DFID), UK Government. https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/research-for-development-outputs\/review-of-the-use-of-theory-of-change-in-international-development-review-report<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch hay m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi … Thuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i (Theory of Change) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/span>\u0110\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":643,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,3],"tags":[334,332,330,333,331],"class_list":["post-642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ly-thuyet-mo-hinh","category-truyen-thong-khoa-hoc","tag-do-luong-tac-dong","tag-logic-model","tag-theory-of-change","tag-thuyet-thay-doi","tag-world-bank"],"yoast_head":"\nThuy\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i (Theory of Change) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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