{"id":6193,"date":"2026-10-13T00:11:52","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T17:11:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/phu-nu-trong-nganh-du-lich\/"},"modified":"2026-10-13T00:39:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T17:39:09","slug":"phu-nu-trong-nganh-du-lich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/phu-nu-trong-nganh-du-lich\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n n\u1eeda lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2019 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Du l\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (UNWTO, nay l\u00e0 UN Tourism), ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm 54% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch, cao h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c 39% c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng &#8220;\u0111\u00f4ng&#8221; ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#8220;cao&#8221;: ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong du l\u1ecbch v\u1eabn c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nam gi\u1edbi 14,7%, v\u00e0 \u00edt hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o hay nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 phi c\u00f4ng (UNWTO, 2019; UN Tourism, n.d.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng du l\u1ecbch?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh, d\u00f9 con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1eebng ngu\u1ed3n. UNWTO (2019) c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 54% khi ra m\u1eaft \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a B\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong Du l\u1ecbch (Global Report on Women in Tourism), th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng UN Women, GIZ, Nh\u00f3m Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Amadeus. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ILO) \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 60 \u0111\u1ebfn 70% lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh (Weinz &amp; Maybud, 2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec sao hai con s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau? M\u1ed7i ngu\u1ed3n d\u00f9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a &#8220;ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch&#8221; kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00ednh theo ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc quen thu\u1ed9c khi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u: h\u00e3y xem con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, \u0111o c\u00e1i g\u00ec, v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd trong b\u00e0i <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/thong-tin-khoa-hoc-tren-mang-co-dang-tin\/\">l\u00e0m sao bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin<\/a>. \u0110i\u1ec3m chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o trong ng\u00e0nh?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n \u1edf t\u1ea7ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. ILO m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng; trong khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 pha ch\u1ebf, khu\u00e2n v\u00e1c h\u00e0nh l\u00fd, l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn hay b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng do nam gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u0169ng \u00edt gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n (Weinz &amp; Maybud, 2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 \u1edf m\u1ea3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i du l\u1ecbch. Theo UN Tourism (n.d.), d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1eeb 99 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm 36% lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 6% phi c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n\n<li>Trong v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 3%.<\/li>\n\n<li>Trong v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm 12%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede c\u1ea5p ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u0103m 2019 ghi nh\u1eadn 23% b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 n\u1eef, nh\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c 20,7% c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00f3i chung (UNWTO, 2019). Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00e1ch xa t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch thu nh\u1eadp trong du l\u1ecbch l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u0103m 2019, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0m du l\u1ecbch c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nam gi\u1edbi 14,7%, trong khi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch chung c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 16,8% (UNWTO, 2019). Trang th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a UN Tourism v\u1eabn n\u00eau r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trung b\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfm \u00edt h\u01a1n nam gi\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 15% (UN Tourism, n.d.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y theo hai chi\u1ec1u. Du l\u1ecbch l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng chung m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do UNWTO g\u1ecdi du l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eabn c\u00f2n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u1eadp trung \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ec sao ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng \u00edt l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 ra v\u00e0i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Theo ILO, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ng\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eef. \u1ede c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1ecf do gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (Weinz &amp; Maybud, 2013). G\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong b\u00e0i <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/ganh-nang-tinh-than-mental-load-la-gi\/\">g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng tinh th\u1ea7n (mental load)<\/a>, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c. UN Tourism (n.d.) cho bi\u1ebft c\u1ee9 n\u0103m qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ecfi qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi trong du l\u1ecbch c\u0169ng c\u00f2n m\u1ecfng. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch 466 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1985 \u0111\u1ebfn 2012 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ea3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u1edf b\u00ean l\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu &#8220;kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n&#8221; v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1eabn d\u1eaft, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi li\u00ean k\u1ebft (Figueroa-Domecq v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2015). \u00cdt nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u00edt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/phu-nu-trong-nghien-cuu-khoa-hoc-duong-ong-ro-ri\/\">ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch th\u00ec sao?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m thu\u00ea trong du l\u1ecbch. UNWTO (2019) cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p du l\u1ecbch cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, v\u00e0 n\u00eau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: Morocco l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean du l\u1ecbch cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, m\u1ed9t h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1edf Anh t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i s\u1ed1 n\u1eef phi c\u00f4ng, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Uganda c\u00f3 n\u1eef gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/du-lich-cong-dong-cbet-vi-sao-that-bai-khi-rut-von\/\">du l\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CBET)<\/a>, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n kh\u00e1ch, n\u1ea5u \u0103n, l\u00e0m homestay. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 du kh\u00e1ch, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u1ecdn \u0111i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh; b\u00e0i <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/di-mot-minh-khong-co-nghia-la-di-lieu-linh\/\">\u0111i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111i li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh<\/a> chia s\u1ebb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n cho nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 du kh\u00e1ch n\u1eef v\u00ec ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u00e1ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i \u00fd d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 UN Tourism v\u00e0 ILO \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra; m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y quy m\u00f4 doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch theo gi\u1edbi: t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1eef \u1edf t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p, m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng theo v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n<li>R\u00e0 so\u00e1t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, c\u00f4ng khai ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n\n<li>C\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n\n<li>M\u1edf l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111ang ho\u1eb7c s\u1eafp l\u00e0m du l\u1ecbch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Khi nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c, h\u1ecfi r\u00f5 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/li>\n\n<li>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i v\u00e0 k\u00eanh ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n\n<li>Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1eef theo t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/du-lich-tai-tao-la-gi-regenerative-tourism\/\">du l\u1ecbch t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/a> \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng du l\u1ecbch th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kho\u1ea3ng 54% theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u0103m 2019 c\u1ee7a UNWTO. ILO tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh 60 \u0111\u1ebfn 70%. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0m du l\u1ecbch c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nam gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3. M\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 14,7% n\u0103m 2019, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c 16,8% c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf (UNWTO, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 \u00edt ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nh\u1ea5t?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a UN Tourism, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 (3%) v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 phi c\u00f4ng (6%) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef r\u1ea5t \u00edt hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n (UN Tourism, n.d.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u00ean nh\u1edb?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1, ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng chung. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1eabn t\u1eadp trung \u1edf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1eadn l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o hay k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng: d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00e1ch theo gi\u1edbi, minh b\u1ea1ch l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u00e0i kh\u00e1c trong <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/ban-linh-diu-dang\/\">chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n l\u0129nh d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u00f4i l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Anh Khoa (<a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/dy-khoa-la-ai\/\">Dy Khoa<\/a>), gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Khoa Quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n Lang, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Thu h\u00fat C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (Science Communication and Public Engagement) t\u1ea1i Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 sai s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n g\u00f3p \u00fd, vui l\u00f2ng g\u1eedi email v\u1ec1 hi@dykhoa.com.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details dk-refs is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o (4 ngu\u1ed3n)<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Figueroa-Domecq, C., Pritchard, A., Segovia-P\u00e9rez, M., Morgan, N., &amp; Villac\u00e9-Molinero, T. (2015). Tourism gender research: A critical accounting. <em>Annals of Tourism Research, 52<\/em>, 87-103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annals.2015.02.001 (b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, b\u1ea3n m\u1edf: https:\/\/cronfa.swansea.ac.uk\/Record\/cronfa32690)<\/li>\n\n<li>UN Tourism. (n.d.). <em>Women&#8217;s empowerment and tourism<\/em>. Truy c\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 12\/10\/2026, t\u1eeb https:\/\/www.untourism.int\/women-empowerment-tourism<\/li>\n\n<li>UNWTO. (2019, November 7). <em>Tourism leading other global sectors in advancing gender equality, new report shows<\/em> [Press release v\u1ec1 Global Report on Women in Tourism, Second Edition]. https:\/\/unwto.org\/tourism-leading-other-global-sectors-in-advancing-gender-equality<\/li>\n\n<li>Weinz, W., &amp; Maybud, S. (2013, September 25). <em>Tourism, poverty reduction and gender equality<\/em>. International Labour Organization. https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/resource\/article\/tourism-poverty-reduction-and-gender-equality<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 54% lao \u0111\u1ed9ng du l\u1ecbch to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6180,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,7],"tags":[695,488,726,510,735],"class_list":["post-6193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-du-lich","category-nghien-cuu-du-lich","tag-ban-linh-diu-dang","tag-binh-dang-gioi","tag-lao-dong-du-lich","tag-nghien-cuu-du-lich","tag-phu-nu-trong-nganh-du-lich"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch: \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm 54% lao \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 14,7% v\u00e0 \u00edt \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. 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