{"id":5051,"date":"2026-10-12T17:30:57","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T10:30:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/?p=5051"},"modified":"2026-10-13T00:45:54","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T17:45:54","slug":"hieu-ung-carl-sagan-truyen-thong-khoa-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/hieu-ung-carl-sagan-truyen-thong-khoa-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Carl Sagan v\u00e0 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980, b\u1ed9 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Cosmos: A Personal Voyage<\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Carl Sagan \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m say \u0111\u1eafm h\u01a1n 500 tri\u1ec7u kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. V\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t gi\u1ecdng truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi v\u1ecb h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, Sagan \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafp l\u00ean ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111am m\u00ea khoa h\u1ecdc cho c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb1ng sau \u00e1nh h\u00e0o quang \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt cay \u0111\u1eafng: ch\u00ednh gi\u1edbi tinh hoa h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. N\u0103m 1992, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 (NAS) t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i k\u1ebft n\u1ea1p trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7y tranh c\u00e3i. Bi k\u1ecbch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khai sinh ra m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc: Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Carl Sagan<\/strong> (The Sagan Effect).<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a:<\/strong> Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Carl Sagan (The Sagan Effect)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn ng\u1ea7m trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m, cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e0ng d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c thu h\u00fat c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m ho\u1eb7c suy gi\u1ea3m.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb h\u00e0n l\u00e2m<\/h2>\n

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Sagan” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u Stephen Jay Gould \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n Carl Sagan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 ng\u1ea7m duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c kh\u1eaft khe: m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o h\u00e0n l\u00e2m kh\u00f4 khan v\u00e0 gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trang nghi\u00eam v\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eadt g\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd coi vi\u1ec7c Sagan xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00eam mu\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a Johnny Carson hay vi\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi “khoe m\u1ebd”, “t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n” v\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u1ebb r\u00fang t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam c\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5, Carl Sagan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u phi th\u01b0\u1eddng: \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 h\u01a1n 600 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc b\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn cao ng\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1edfng trong su\u1ed1t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

B\u00f3c t\u00e1ch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf: V\u00ec sao vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m l\u1ea1i nghi k\u1ef5 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang?<\/h2>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i dai d\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Carl Sagan b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn s\u00e2u xa trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i ‘T\u1ed5ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng’ (Zero-sum game):<\/strong> Gi\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng tin r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m video YouTube, vi\u1ebft blog hay tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean b\u1ea1n \u0111ang “b\u1ecf b\u00ea” nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ISI v\u00e0 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i xin qu\u1ef9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ‘Th\u00e1p ng\u00e0’ (Ivory Tower):<\/strong> T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tinh hoa lu\u1eadn (elitism) cho r\u1eb1ng tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec9nh cao ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi “l\u00e0m t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a” (dumbing down) ch\u00e2n l\u00fd khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n
  • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee9c danh l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c:<\/strong> Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed phong h\u00e0m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3m cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecf qua ho\u1eb7c cho \u0111i\u1ec3m 0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (Public Outreach \/ Third Mission).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ma tr\u1eadn so s\u00e1nh: ‘Th\u00e1p ng\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m’ vs. ‘Nh\u00e0 Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang’<\/h2>\n

    B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu hai h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed so s\u00e1nh<\/th>\nM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ‘Th\u00e1p ng\u00e0’ Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/th>\nNh\u00e0 Khoa h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi<\/strong><\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh h\u1eb9p.<\/td>\nX\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn: h\u1ecdc sinh, c\u1eed tri, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/td>\nThu\u1eadt ng\u1eef k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao, c\u00e2u v\u0103n ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p, v\u0103n phong th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1ch quan.<\/td>\n\u1ea8n d\u1ee5 sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n (Storytelling), tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p qua ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 H-index v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i.<\/td>\nCoi s\u1ef1 lan t\u1ecfa tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    R\u1ee7i ro s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/td>\nB\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Sagan, b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e0i nghi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i: Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Sagan c\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21?<\/h2>\n

    M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng: Li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 k\u00e9m c\u1ecfi trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u? C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed PLOS ONE<\/em> v\u00e0 Journal of Neuroscience<\/em> ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i: Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>. Vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang gi\u00fap h\u1ecd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

    B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean s\u1ed1, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang d\u1ea7n t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thu h\u00fat c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (Public Engagement) nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Carl Sagan.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/h2>\n

    L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ebb t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Sagan khi mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng khoa h\u1ecdc?<\/strong>
    \nQuy t\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc: \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 khoa h\u1ecdc uy t\u00edn \u0111\u00fang ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh mang l\u1ea1i cho uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

    L\u00e0m truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong>
    \nC\u00f3. Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean Twitter\/X, LinkedIn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 v\u00e0 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt cao h\u01a1n t\u1eeb 30% \u0111\u1ebfn 50% so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u00f4i l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

    B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Anh Khoa (Dy Khoa), gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Khoa Quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n Lang, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Thu h\u00fat C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (Science Communication and Public Engagement) t\u1ea1i Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

    N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 sai s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n g\u00f3p \u00fd, vui l\u00f2ng g\u1eedi email v\u1ec1 hi@dykhoa.com.<\/p>\n

    \nT\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o (5 ngu\u1ed3n)<\/summary>\n
      \n
    • Gould, S. J. (1997). Sagan and science. Science, 277(5323), 170\u2013170.<\/li>\n
    • Johnson, V. E., Ecklund, E. H., & Lincoln, A. E. (2014). Narratives of science outreach in elite academic institutions: A comparative look at the United States and the United Kingdom. PLOS ONE, 9(10), e110058.<\/li>\n
    • Martinez-Conde, S. (2016). Has contemporary academia outgrown the Carl Sagan effect? Journal of Neuroscience, 36(7), 2077\u20132082.<\/li>\n
    • Mooney, C., & Kirshenbaum, S. (2009). Unscientific America: How Scientific Illiteracy Threatens Our Future. Basic Books.<\/li>\n
    • Peters, H. P. (2013). Gap between science and media revisited: Scientists as public communicators. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 110(Supplement 3), 14102\u201314109.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Carl Sagan \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua lo\u1ea1t phim Cosmos, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng t\u1eebng b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i k\u1ebft n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia M\u1ef9. ‘Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Carl Sagan’ soi r\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn ng\u1ea7m kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u00e0n l\u00e2m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5072,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,3],"tags":[574,578,577,575,576],"class_list":["post-5051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ly-thuyet-mo-hinh","category-truyen-thong-khoa-hoc","tag-hieu-ung-carl-sagan","tag-liem-chinh-nghien-cuu","tag-nha-khoa-hoc-dai-chung","tag-sagan-effect","tag-van-hoa-hoc-thuat"],"yoast_head":"\nHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Carl Sagan v\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Carl Sagan (The Sagan Effect): V\u00ec sao vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m t\u1eebng nghi k\u1ef5 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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