{"id":5047,"date":"2026-10-12T17:18:34","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T10:18:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/?p=5047"},"modified":"2026-10-12T17:18:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T10:18:37","slug":"mo-hinh-tham-hut-den-tham-gia-cong-chung-truyen-thong-khoa-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/mo-hinh-tham-hut-den-tham-gia-cong-chung-truyen-thong-khoa-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eeb M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t (Deficit Model) \u0111\u1ebfn Tham gia C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (Public Engagement): Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 h\u00f3a tri th\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed bang giao gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi lu\u00f4n g\u00e2y tr\u0103n tr\u1edf: V\u00ec sao c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ecf ra ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i, ho\u00e0i nghi ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gene (GMO), n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ebfn vaccine? Su\u1ed1t n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u00e0: <em>&#8220;B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c&#8221;<\/em>. Ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khai sinh ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t: <strong>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t (Deficit Model)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a:<\/strong> <strong>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t (Deficit Model)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0i nghi ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 &#8220;th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t&#8221; (thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t) hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc. Theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ph\u1ea3i &#8220;r\u00f3t&#8221; th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang nh\u1eb1m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: T\u1eeb B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Bodmer (1985) \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m<\/h2>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc (ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Brian Wynne v\u00e0 Steve Miller) \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a <em>B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Bodmer<\/em> (1985) do H\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng gia London (The Royal Society) ban h\u00e0nh. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y t\u1eebng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o &#8220;Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang&#8221; (Public Understanding of Science &#8211; PUS) v\u1edbi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng: n\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 kh\u1eafc \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1990 \u2014 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch b\u00f2 \u0111i\u00ean (BSE) t\u1ea1i Anh \u2014 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n ch\u00ed m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecbt b\u00f2 l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn t\u1ea9y chay k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt; h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 l\u00fang t\u00fang, thi\u1ebfu minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt. N\u0103m 2000, B\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t <em>&#8220;Science and Society&#8221;<\/em> c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c Anh (House of Lords) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang r\u01a1i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ni\u1ec1m tin, v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9c tho\u1ea1i gia tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<h2>B\u00f3c t\u00e1ch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf: Ba ng\u1ee5y bi\u1ec7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t<\/h2>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi l\u0103ng k\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc tri th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i ba sai l\u1ea7m b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Xem c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh r\u1ed7ng&#8221; th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecf qua th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng trang gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng. H\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, ni\u1ec1m tin v\u0103n h\u00f3a, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kinh t\u1ebf &#8211; x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t tri th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i:<\/strong> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh khoa h\u1ecdc lu\u00f4n \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 phi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, l\u1edd \u0111i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u2014 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1eebng m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/khung-hoang-tai-lap-khoa-hoc-replication-crisis\/\">cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e1i l\u1eadp trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng (Backfire Effect):<\/strong> Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh nh\u1ed3i nh\u00e9t th\u00eam s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 th\u00eam th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fd l\u1ebd h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ma tr\u1eadn so s\u00e1nh: S\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n qua ba th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng Khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n<p>L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft gia Bruce Trench \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng khoa h\u1ecdc qua ba m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 10px; text-align: left;\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 10px; text-align: left;\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t (Deficit)<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 10px; text-align: left;\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i (Dialogue)<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 10px; text-align: left;\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Tham gia (Participation)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><strong>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t lu\u1ed3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">M\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (Chuy\u00ean gia \u2192 C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang).<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">Hai chi\u1ec1u (Trao \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa Chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang).<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">\u0110a chi\u1ec1u (M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111a b\u00ean: Chuy\u00ean gia, C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, Nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><strong>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i tri th\u1ee9c, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 ngu d\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u, l\u1eafng nghe m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">C\u00f9ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ed3ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng (Passive consumers).<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n (Stakeholders).<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">C\u00f4ng d\u00e2n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o tri th\u1ee9c (Co-creators).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\"><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">B\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">T\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edf (Science Caf\u00e9), phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng khai.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;\">H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (Citizens&#8217; Juries), d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (Citizen Science).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Tham gia C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (PEST): Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 th\u1ee9c <strong>Tham gia C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (Public Engagement with Science and Technology &#8211; PEST)<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n<p>Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean PEST, m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o y t\u1ebf hay ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda gene c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. Ngay t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc tham gia th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng tri th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;th\u00e1p ng\u00e0&#8221; xa c\u00e1ch, m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n g\u1eafn k\u1ebft h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u01a1n: bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/khoa-hoc-cong-dan-citizen-science-truyen-thong-khoa-hoc\/\">khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (Citizen Science)<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dykhoa.com\/blog\/dong-sang-tao-tri-thuc-co-production-of-knowledge\/\">\u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o tri th\u1ee9c (Co-production of Knowledge)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<p><strong>C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n b\u1ecb x\u00f3a b\u1ecf tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3?<\/strong><br \/>\nKh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5, quy chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n), vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn duy nh\u1ea5t hay ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o khi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u01b0 duy th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t sang t\u01b0 duy tham gia c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang?<\/strong><br \/>\nNh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea7n r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u1eafng nghe t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng ranh gi\u1edbi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, v\u00e0 xem c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu tri th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft cho tri th\u1ee9c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u00f4i l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Anh Khoa (Dy Khoa), gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Khoa Quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n Lang, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Thu h\u00fat C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (Science Communication and Public Engagement) t\u1ea1i Universiti Malaya (UM), Malaysia. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 sai s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n g\u00f3p \u00fd, vui l\u00f2ng g\u1eedi email v\u1ec1 hi@dykhoa.com.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Bauer, M. W., Allum, N., &amp; Miller, S. (2007). What can we learn from 25 years of PUS survey research? Liberating and expanding the agenda. Public Understanding of Science, 16(1), 79\u201395.<\/li>\n<li>House of Lords. (2000). Science and Society (Third Report of Session 1999\u20132000, HL Paper 38). The Stationery Office.<\/li>\n<li>Miller, S. (2001). Public understanding of science at the crossroads. Public Understanding of Science, 10(1), 115\u2013120.<\/li>\n<li>The Royal Society. (1985). The Public Understanding of Science (Bodmer Report). The Royal Society.<\/li>\n<li>Trench, B. (2008). Towards an analytical framework of science communication models. In D. Cheng, M. Claessens, T. Gascoigne, J. Metcalfe, B. Schiele, &amp; S. Shi (Eds.), Communicating Science in Social Contexts: New models, new practices (pp. 119\u2013135). Springer.<\/li>\n<li>Wynne, B. (1992). Misunderstood misunderstanding: Social identities and public uptake of science. Public Understanding of Science, 1(3), 281\u2013304.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ho\u00e0i nghi khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec h\u1ecd &#8216;thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft&#8217;. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t (Deficit Model) \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Tham gia C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (Public Engagement with Science).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,3],"tags":[186,188,560,499,561],"class_list":["post-5047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ly-thuyet-mo-hinh","category-truyen-thong-khoa-hoc","tag-deficit-model","tag-ly-thuyet-truyen-thong","tag-mo-hinh-tham-hut","tag-public-engagement","tag-tham-gia-cong-chung"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng khoa 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